At a first
glance, the concept of masking may seem unearthly and inconceivable, but
understanding it yields the knowledge of one of Photoshop's most
interesting and widely used editing method. It helps you work much more
exactly on any picture area. A very often used masking method is Quick
Mask. This article describes its basics.
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1. But what is a mask?
It
is indeed what it seems to be. Imagine a carnival mask—it helps to
understand the significance of Photoshop's masks. Its task is to cover
up certain parts while leaving others exposed. Masking in Photoshop
does the same with photos. However, in this case, "covering up" doesn't
mean making it invisible but untouched by editing. You could say the
masked areas are protected, so editing only affects the unmasked parts
of the photo.
So,
masking is a selection of sorts. It enables you to select and freely
transform the areas you want. One of the simplest and quickest
varieties is Quick Mask. It is controlled by the two buttons at the bottom of Photoshop's tools palette. The one on the left turns off, while the one on the right activates Quick Mask mode. You can also press Q to toggle this mode on and off.
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2.
In practice
We'll use the photo above to demonstrate how the tool works.
Suppose you only want to modify a part of the
picture while leaving all other areas unchanged. The first requirement
to this is an accurate selection. You need to select the area you want
to change. You can also do this using a quick mask, but you'll have to
think backwards then: you'll need to put a mask on the areas you DON'T
want to be affected.
If you plan to give the petals another color and
leave the middle of the flower unchanged, you have to mask the middle
part to protect it from future changes.
All you have to do is use the Quick Mask button on the right (or press Q). Now you're in Quick Mask mode, but you cannot see any changes on the screen.
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3.
Making the mask
The easiest way to creating a mask is to "paint it" on the picture. In Quick Mask mode, painting and erasing tools do not alter the picture visibly. All they affect now is the mask.
Select the paint brush tool, and specify a size and softness in the options bar. Opacity is very important when creating masks. Leaving it on 100%
produces a wholly blocking mask, while setting a lower value will
reduce the opacity of the mask, which means the changes will also
affect the masked area, but to a lesser degree. For the sake of
simplicity, we'll use a 100% value for now.
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4.
Handiwork
Use
the selected brush to paint to any area of the picture. If you paint
over a complicated shape, you should change brush size—use smaller
sizes when covering finer details. For more accurate work, zoom the
image. If you mess up something with the mask, just press E to select
an eraser, and delete the incorrect part. Basically, your dexterity's
the only limit you face. This method enables you to select a shape of
any complexity.
Your
brush leaves a semi-transparent, reddish layer on the image. This is
the mask. It cannot be seen on the image, only in Quick Mask mode. The
areas it covers will be protected from further editing.
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5.
Changing into a selectionThe
mask is done, we meticulously painted over the middle part of the
flower. But how can you change this into a selection? Simply indeed! If
you're done, just quit Quick Mask mode using the left Quick Mask button, or by pressing Q.
Now
you're back in standard editing mode, paint brushes and erasers once
again affect the picture, but now it's not the important thing for
us—it is the selection which came into being when you switched back to
this mode. The selection includes the whole picture, save for the areas
covered by the mask. These will be omitted, which means they are
exempt from editing. If you do want to edit the masked parts only, just
right-click the selection and click Select Inverse from the context menu. We don't need to do this, since the petals we want to recolor can be found in the selected area.
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6. As you like
The
following editing steps are optional. You can lighten the picture,
adjust its contrast, paint on it a shape you want, or change its
colors, as we planned originally. We used the Image/Adjustments/Channel Mixer feature
to produce the result you can see above. You can see the color change
affecting the whole of the picture, save for the masked area (black
parts cannot be colored anyway).
Masking
can not only be used for altering images, but also for cutting
complicated shapes from the picture. Just paint them over in Quick Mask
mode, switch back to editing, invert the selection, and voilá!—the
masked object/person/whatever will be selected.
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Hope you can
learn something new from this tutorial.
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Reference:
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