Architectural
cameras and lenses often have a Swing or Tilt feature which tilts the
focal plane and thus provides a weird depth-of-focus effect. Sometimes,
primarily with landscapes or cityscapes photographed from above, you get
the impression as if you were looking at a mock-up. Now we try to
emulate this effect using Photoshop.
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1. Load the photo
Choose a landscape or cityscape which shows buildings, people, objects from far away, and the angle of visibility is about 20 to 30 degrees.
Once again: as if you were looking at a mock-up. It is a clean
advantage if the main area you want to emphasize is around the lower trisecting line,
like the bridge over the river in our photo. A good starting image
makes up half of the success! Now, in order to get an even better
result, you'll only have to fiddle a bit with sharpness.
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2.
The parts you need
As
mentioned above, we want to emphasize the bridge and its surroundings,
and in order to do so, we'll have to blur other areas.
First, we have to prepare a mask to preserve the areas that need to remain sharp, and make blurred only the other parts. Quick Mask is a practical choice. Click the indicated icon at the bottom of the Tools palette, or Press Q to switch to Quick Mask mode. Now click the Gradient tool in the middle of the palette, and from the options displayed at the top, select Reflected Gradient.
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3.
Preparing a mask
Now
you're ready to create the mask. Before you begin, make sure the
primary and secondary (foreground and background) colors displayed at
the bottom of the Tools palette are black and white, in this order.
In the example photo above, we clicked the middle of the bridge, and dragged the mouse to near the bottom of the screen while holding down Shift.
You need to press Shift to draw an exactly vertical line without
making the gradient skewed. After releasing the mouse button, the
gradient mask will be shown in red, fading out. As it is mirrored
horizontally, it will also fade out upwards, thus, in total, occupying
twice the area you selected by dragging. This is the area that will
remain unaffected by later changes.
If you're done, press Q
again to quit Quick Mask mode and get back to Edit mode. This will
display a selection marquee outside the designated area, which means
everything will be selected, save for the parts we masked out to
preserve.
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4.
Lens Blur
Click Filter/Blur/Lens Blur
to blur the unnecessary areas. As opposed to traditional blurring
features, this one strives to emulate the background blur produced by
photo lenses, and thus provides an even more natural-looking result. If
you have an older Photoshop version that lacks this feature, choose Gaussian Blur instead.
On the Lens Blur dialog we used the above settings. Feel free to experiment though! However, make sure to leave Source set to None and Invert unselected. The Iris and Specular Highlights sliders only affect the characteristics of blurring. Intensity can be controlled using Radius.
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5.
Even closer to reality
Tilt objectives
usually leave a good deal of vignetting on the picture as they also use
the edges of the lens. For an even more realistic effect, click Filter/Distort/Lens Correction. Under Vignette, you can darken the corners of the photo a little. Amount sets the intensity, while Midpoint controls the size of the unaffected area in the middle.
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5.
A realistic mock-up
The
low depth-of-focus left by the blurring really looks like as if you
shot a mock-up town with macro lens. Foreground and background is
blurred more than usually, and only the masked middle areas. |
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Hope you can
learn something new from this tutorial.
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